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Members of the Strategic Forces Subcommittees of the US Congress and the Russian Duma
Senior Nuclear Forces Decision Makers
80 GOVERNMENTS DECLARATION ON CATASTROPHIC CONSEQUENCES OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS USE
President Putin
President Obama
United States Secretary Of Defense Chuck Hagel
Russian Minister Of Defence
United States Secretary Of State John Kerry
Russian Minister Of Foreign Affairs Sergei Lavrov,
Dear Members of the Strategic Forces Subcommittees of the US Congress and
the Russian Duma,
Dear Senior Decision-makers on nuclear forces in the United States and Russia,
The undersigned non-governmental organizations are sending you a declaration on catastrophic consequences of nuclear weapons use made at the 2013 Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty Preparatory Committee, signed by 80 (listed) governments. A much larger number of governments including many from NATO have expressed sympathy and solidarity with what it says.
A 'decent respect for the opinions of mankind', as the US Declaration of Independence puts it, must take into account the fact that vote after vote at the United Nations, starting with the very first vote ever taken by the General Assembly, has asked for the elimination of nuclear weapons. The motive behind all these votes has been self-explanatory: It is the simple insight that if nuclear weapons are not eliminated they will sooner or later, most probably by accident, malfunction or miscalculation, be used, and such use could be fatal for humankind. It is notable that this declaration contains the words:
“It is in the interest of the very survival of humanity that nuclear weapons are never used again, under any circumstances.”
Recent research done by a number of distinguished climate scientists,using up to date NASA climate models, indicates that the environmental consequences of the use of even the relatively small nuclear arsenals of India and Pakistan could lead to up to a billion deaths globally. A full-scale US versus Russia nuclear “exchange” would destroy civilization—the “world” as we know it. Peer-reviewed studies predict the long-term environmental consequences of such a conflict would likely eliminate growing seasons for at least a decade, leading to global famine for most, if not all, humans.
As long as the US and Russia insist on maintaining large fractions of
their nuclear arsenals at launch-ready status, a significant
(non-zero) probability of an accidental (or otherwise) large-scale
use remains. The only certain way to ensure that nuclear weapons are
never used, as this and other declarations make clear, is to abolish
them.
We note that the Obama administration seems to have now acknowledged the
vital significance of this climate research, and a US official has
even described it at the Geneva NPT Prepcom last May as a 'major
driver' of administration policy. This is a significant and welcome
change from previous administration statements. However we would
argue forcefully that the only rational response to these well
established and uncontested facts is to seek to eliminate nuclear
arsenals completely on an urgent basis. No other responsible and
rational alternative exists.
We commend the declaration below to the strategic forces subcommittees
of the US Congress and Russian Duma. We urge both US and Russian
governments to take the rational and responsible actions necessary to
remove the biggest threat to international strategic stability and
human security by eliminating nuclear arsenals.
(NGO signatures at end)
Second Session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2015 Review Conference
of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
Joint Statement on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons:
Delivered by Ambassador Abdul Samad Minty,
Permanent Representative of South Africa to the United Nations, at Geneva, 24 April 2013
Chairperson,
I am taking the floor on behalf of the following States Parties to the
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), namely:
Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Belarus, Bangladesh, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Cyprus, Cuba, Denmark, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Ghana, Georgia, Grenada, Guatemala, Holy See, Honduras, Iceland, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Serbia, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Swaziland, Switzerland, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Yemen, Zambia and my own country, South Africa.
Our countries are deeply concerned about the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons. While this has been known since nuclear weapons were first developed and is reflected in various UN resolutions and multilateral instruments, it has not been at the core of nuclear disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation deliberations for many years. Although it constitutes the raison d’être of the NPT, which cautions against the "devastation that would be visited upon all mankind by a nuclear war and the consequent need to make every effort to avert the danger of such a war and to take measures to safeguard the security of peoples", this issue has consistently been ignored in the discourse on nuclear weapons.
Yet, past experience from the use and testing of nuclear weapons has amply demonstrated the unacceptable harm caused by the immense, uncontrollable destructive capability and indiscriminate nature of these weapons.
The effects of a nuclear weapon detonation are not constrained by national borders--it is therefore an issue of deep concern to all. Beyond the immediate death and destruction caused by a detonation, socio-economic development will be impeded, the environment will be destroyed, and future generations will be robbed of their health, food, water and other vital resources.
In recent years, the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons has increasingly been recognized as a fundamental and global concern that must be at the core of all deliberations on nuclear disarmament and
nuclear non-proliferation.
This issue is now firmly established on the global agenda: The 2010 Review Conference of the NPT expressed “deep concern at the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons”. Similarly, the 2011 resolution of the Council of Delegates of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement emphasized the incalculable human suffering associated with any use of nuclear weapons, and the implications for international humanitarian law.
The March 2013 Conference on the Humanitarian Impact of Nuclear Weapons held in Oslo presented a platform to engage in a fact-based discussion on the impact of a nuclear weapon detonation. The broad participation at the Conference reflects the recognition that the catastrophic effects of a detonation are of concern and relevance to all. A key message from experts and international organizations is that no State or international body could address the immediate humanitarian emergency caused by a nuclear weapon detonation or provide adequate assistance to victims. We warmly welcome Mexico’s announcement of a follow-up Conference to further broaden and deepen understanding of this matter and the resolve of the international community to address the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons.
It is in the interest of the very survival of humanity that nuclear weapons are never used again, under any circumstances.
The catastrophic effects of a nuclear weapon detonation, whether by accident, miscalculation or design, cannot be adequately addressed. All efforts must be exerted to eliminate this threat. The only way to guarantee that nuclear weapons will never be used again is through their total elimination.
It is a shared responsibility of all States to prevent the use of nuclear weapons, to prevent their vertical and horizontal proliferation and to achieve nuclear disarmament, including through fulfilling the objectives of the NPT and achieving its universality. The full implementation of the 2010 Action Plan and previous outcomes aimed at achieving the objectives of the NPT must therefore not be postponed any further.
Addressing the humanitarian impact of nuclear weapons is an absolute necessity.
As an element that underpins the NPT, it is essential that the humanitarian consequences inform our work and actions during the current Review Cycle and beyond.
This is an issue that affects not only governments, but each and every citizen of our interconnected world. By raising awareness about the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of nuclear weapons, civil society has a crucial role to play, side-by-side with governments, as we fulfill our responsibilities. We owe it to future generations to work together to rid our world of the threat posed by nuclear weapons.
I thank you.”
NGO Signatures
Drafting team:
John Hallam People for Nuclear Disarmament/Human Survival Project, Sydney, Aust,
Prof. Peter King, Human Survival Project, (Fmr director,Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies) Sydney, Aust,
Aaron Tovish, Mayors For Peace 2020 Vision Campaign,
Steven Starr, Senior Scientist, Physicians for Social Responsibility, Missouri USA,
Alyn Ware, World Future Council(London)/Advisor, Human Survival Project,
David Krieger, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, Santa Barbara, California, USA,
Other NGO Signatures:
Alfred L. Marder, President, International Association of Peace
Messenger Cities,
Rene Wadlow, President, Association of World Citizens,
Lorraine Krofchok, Director, Grandmothers for Peace
International, Elk Grove, CA. USA
Kathy WanPovi Sanchez, Tewa Women United, Environmental
Health and Justice NM USA
Alice Slater, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, New York, NY, USA,
Marcus Atkinson International Events Coordinator Footprints
for Peace, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA,
Kevin Martin, Peace Action, Silver Spring, MD, USA,
Joan Russow PhD, Global Compliance Research Project Victoria
BC Canada
Dr Jennifer Allen Simons, The Simons Foundation, Vancouver BC, Canada,
Pascale Frémond, President, Religions for Peace, Montreal, Canada,
Barbara Birkett for ICAN-Oakville, ON Canada
Judith Deutsch, Science for Peace, Toronto, Ont, Canada,
Linda Harvey President, Physicians for Global Survival, Ottawa, Canada,
Dr Makere – Stewart Harawira, Indigenous, Environmental, and Global Studies, Edmonton, Alberta,
Prof. Gunnar Westberg, IPPNW Sweden, Goteborg, Sweden,
Hallgeir Langeland, MP, Oslo, Norway,
Bent Natvig, Chair, Pugwash Norway,
Jenny Maxwell, Secretary, Hereford Peace Council, UK,
George Farebrother,Secy, INLAP/World Court Project, UK,
John Morris, The Peace Party - Non-violence, Justice, Environment,
Titus Alexander, Charter 2020,
Bill Kidd MSP, Convenor, Scottish Parliament Cross-Party Group on Nuclear Disarmament Edinburgh, Scotland,
Prof. Jean-Marie Matagne, Président, Action des Citoyens pour le Désarmement Nucléaire (ACDN),
Saintes, France,
Dominique Lalanne, chair Abolition2000-Europe,
Dominique Lalanne, chair Armes nucléaires STOP-France
Herman Spanjaard, MD, Chair IPPNW Netherlands.
Dirk Van der Maelen MP Belgium, Vice-president, Commission for Foreign
Relations
Prof Dr Andreas Nidecker (President)Basel Peace Office, Basel, Switzerland,
Xanthe Hall, IPPNW Germany, Berlin,
Uta Zapf MP, Bundestag, Berlin, Germany, Co-President, PNND, (Parliamentary Network for Nuclear Nonproliferation and Disarmament),
Lisa Clark, Beati i costruttori di pace, Italian Disarmament Network, Italy.
Maria Arvaniti Sotiropoulou, President, IPPNW Greece
Borislav Sandov, Albena Simeonova, Pepo Petrov, Foundation for Environment and Agriculture, Bulgaria,
Sergey Kolesniov,(Fmr Duma Member) Co-President, IPPNW Russia, Russia,Moscow
Dr Ranjith S Jayasekera Vice President, Sri-Lankan Doctors for Peace and Development, Sri-Lanka,
Abdul H Nayyar, President, Pakistan Peace Coalition, Islamabad, Pakistan,
Dr Mubashir Hasan, Founder Pakistan-India People's Forum for Peace and Democracy, Minister of Finance, Government of Pakistan 1971-1974, Founder, Independent Planning Commission of Pakistan,
Dr.Shaikh Sarfaraz Ali, Dept of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi,
India,
Sukla Sen, EKTA, (Committee for Communal Amity), Mumbai, India,
Sri Prakash, CNDP, Delhi, India,
Prof. Achin Vanaik, JNU University, Delhi, India, (Pers capy)
Dr Balakrishna Kurvey, President, Indian Institute for Peace, Disarmament, and Environmental Protection,
(IIDEP)Nagpur, India,
Hiren Gandhi, DARSHAN, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India,
Alan Haber The Megiddo Peace Project
Odile Hugonot Haber Co-chair U.S. Middle East committee WILPF
Paul Saoke, IPPNW Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya,
Luis Gutierrez-Esparza, President, Latin American Circle of International Studies (LACIS), Mexico City, Mexico,
Commander Robert Green, Royal Navy (Ret), Co-Director, Dr Kate Dewes, Disarmament & Security Centre,
Christchurch, New Zealand'.
Maryan Street, Member of Parliament - Chair of NZ Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament (NZPNND), New Zealand
Dame Laurie Salas, Wellington United Nations Association, NZ,
Nicola Gowardman, Peace Council Aotearoa, NZ,
Helen Caldicott, Founder PSR, NSW, Australia,
Dr. Jenny Grounds, President,Sue Wareham, Vice-President, MAPW,(Medical
Association for the Prevention of War) Melb, Australia.
Kerrie Anne Garlick, Coordinator, ANAWA, Perth, W.A.,
Judy Blyth, PND W.A., Perth, W.A.,
Irene Gale, (formerly) Australian Peace Committee, Adelaide, SA,
Leonie Ebert, Founder, graham F. Smith Peace Foundation, Adelaide, SA,
Senator Louise Pratt, Perth, W.A.,
Ken O'Dowd, Federal Member for Flynn,
Peter
Griffin, Prof Stuart Rees, (emeritus) Centre for Peace and
Conflict Studies, Sydney University, Sydney, Aust,
Prof. Chris Hamer, Scientists for Global ResponsibilityAustralia,
Prof. Chris Hamer, Association of World Citizens,
Australia,
Prof. Robert J. Hunter, Honorary Associate Professor, Univ. Sydney, Aust,
Nick Deane, Marrickville Peace Group, Marrickville, NSW, Aust,
